{"id":7541,"date":"2019-02-14T19:32:13","date_gmt":"2019-02-14T19:32:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.styledeals.co.uk\/blog\/brexit-what-trade-deals-has-the-uk-done-so-far\/"},"modified":"2019-02-14T19:32:13","modified_gmt":"2019-02-14T19:32:13","slug":"brexit-what-trade-deals-has-the-uk-done-so-far","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.styledeals.co.uk\/blog\/brexit-what-trade-deals-has-the-uk-done-so-far\/","title":{"rendered":"Brexit: What trade deals has the UK done so far?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div property=\"articleBody\">\n<figure class=\"media-landscape has-caption full-width lead\"><span class=\"image-and-copyright-container\"><\/p>\n<p>                <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"js-image-replace\" alt=\"Liam Fox, Swiss Economic Minister Guy Parmelin and Liechtenstein's Minister for Foreign Affairs shaking hands\" src=\"https:\/\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/320\/cpsprodpb\/C276\/production\/_105628794_gettyimages-1097869956.jpg\" width=\"976\" height=\"549\"\/><span class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright<\/span><br \/>\n                 <span class=\"story-image-copyright\">Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<p>            <\/span><figcaption class=\"media-caption\"><span class=\"off-screen\">Image caption<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"media-caption__text\"><br \/>\n                    The UK-Swiss agreement signed in Bern on 11 February also applies to neighbouring Liechtenstein<br \/>\n                <\/span><br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"story-body__introduction\">As a European Union member, the UK is automatically part of about 40 trade agreements which the EU has with more than 70 countries. <\/p>\n<p>If the UK leaves the EU without a deal on 29 March, it would lose these trade deals immediately. <\/p>\n<p>To avoid this, Theresa May&#8217;s government says it wants to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/existing-free-trade-agreements-if-theres-no-brexit-deal\/existing-free-trade-agreements-if-theres-no-brexit-deal\" class=\"story-body__link-external\">replicate the EU&#8217;s trade agreements &#8220;as far as possible&#8221;<\/a> and have them ready to go in the event of a no-deal Brexit.<\/p>\n<p>Liam Fox, the international trade secretary, told MPs in January last year that the government wanted to achieve &#8220;continuity and stability&#8221; by ensuring that the UK would continue to benefit from these arrangements.<\/p>\n<p>So how much progress has been made?<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"story-body__crosshead\">Four out of 40<\/h2>\n<p>The UK has (so far) only agreed four deals. Labour&#8217;s Shadow International Trade Secretary, Barry Gardiner, said he understood that talks on 19 other deals were &#8220;significantly off track&#8221; and that &#8220;two are not even being negotiated&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>In response, Mr Fox said talks to replicate the remaining agreements will &#8220;go down to the wire&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Such arrangements include relaxing certain rules, reducing taxes (tariffs) on imports and exports, or granting easier market access.<\/p>\n<p>The government estimates that <a href=\"https:\/\/publications.parliament.uk\/pa\/ld201617\/ldselect\/ldeucom\/72\/72.pdf\" class=\"story-body__link-external\">about 11% of UK trade relies on the EU&#8217;s agreements with 70 countries.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The agreements the UK has struck are:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"story-body__unordered-list\">\n<li class=\"story-body__list-item\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/news\/uk-and-switzerland-sign-trade-continuity-agreement\" class=\"story-body__link-external\">Switzerland<\/a> (signed 11 February)<\/li>\n<li class=\"story-body__list-item\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/news\/uk-and-faroe-islands-sign-trade-continuity-agreement\" class=\"story-body__link-external\">The Faroe Islands<\/a> (1 February)<\/li>\n<li class=\"story-body__list-item\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/news\/uk-signs-eastern-and-southern-africa-trade-continuity-agreement\" class=\"story-body__link-external\">Eastern and Southern Africa<\/a> (31 January)<\/li>\n<li class=\"story-body__list-item\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/news\/uk-and-chile-sign-continuity-agreement\" class=\"story-body__link-external\">Chile<\/a> (30 January)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"story-body__crosshead\">Switzerland<\/h2>\n<p>Switzerland is the latest to be signed. The Department for International Trade says that trade between the UK and Switzerland was worth \u00a332.1bn in 2017.<\/p>\n<p>Under the UK-Switzerland agreement, which was confirmed in Bern on 11 February, tariffs (taxes on goods) will continue to be avoided on the vast majority of goods traded between the two countries. <\/p>\n<ul class=\"story-body__unordered-list\">\n<li class=\"story-body__list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/business-46287894\" class=\"story-body__link\">Why Switzerland is worried about UK trade after Brexit<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Without the deal, the UK government says the British motor industry could have faced up to \u00a38m in tariff charges, while aluminium exporters could have faced up to \u00a34m.<\/p>\n<p>An additional agreement was also signed in Bern by Liechtenstein&#8217;s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Aurelia Frick. It applies the main parts of the Swiss-UK trade deal to her country too.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"story-body__crosshead\">The Faroe Islands<\/h2>\n<p>The Faroe Islands is the UK&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/777022\/continuing-the-uks-trade-relationship-with-the-faroe-islands.pdf\" class=\"story-body__link-external\">114th largest trading partner<\/a>, according to the government. Total trade between the two countries was worth \u00a3236m in 2017.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"media-landscape has-caption full-width\"><span class=\"image-and-copyright-container\"><\/p>\n<p>                 <span class=\"off-screen\">Image copyright<\/span><br \/>\n                 <span class=\"story-image-copyright\">Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<p>            <\/span><figcaption class=\"media-caption\"><span class=\"off-screen\">Image caption<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"media-caption__text\"><br \/>\n                    The UK imported more than \u00a3200m worth of fish from the Faroe Islands in 2017<br \/>\n                <\/span><br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Fish and crustaceans made up the vast majority of UK&#8217;s imports from the Faroes in 2017, worth \u00a3201.7m, while total UK exports to the country were worth only \u00a36m &#8211; mostly machinery and mechanical appliances.<\/p>\n<p>The UK government says that the agreement it has reached will mean consumers continue to benefit from greater choice and lower fish prices &#8220;such as Atlantic salmon, haddock and halibut&#8221;.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"story-body__crosshead\">Eastern and Southern Africa and Chile<\/h2>\n<p>Trade between the Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) region was worth \u00a31.5bn in 2017 &#8211; about 0.1% of total UK trade. The UK-ESA deal covers Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles and Zimbabwe. <\/p>\n<p>Meat and fish are the main goods imported from the region by the UK (\u00a3111m). <\/p>\n<p>Signed at the end of January, the UK-Chile trade arrangement was the first to be done. <a href=\"https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/777020\/continuing-the-uks-trade-relationship-with-the-republic-of-chile.pdf\" class=\"story-body__link-external\">Total trade between the UK and Chile was \u00a31.8bn in 2017<\/a>. <\/p>\n<p>Fruit, nuts and drinks are the top goods imported by the UK. The government says the deal will help to protect parts of the UK&#8217;s wine industry.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"story-body__crosshead\">Wine labelling<\/h2>\n<p>The UK has also signed deals with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/news\/uk-and-australia-agree-continuity-of-mutual-recognition-agreement\" class=\"story-body__link-external\">Australia and New Zealand,<\/a> but these are &#8220;mutual recognition agreements&#8221; and not free trade agreements.<\/p>\n<p>The deal replicates all aspects of the current EU agreements when it comes to recognising product standards, such as the labelling and certifying of wine. <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"story-body__crosshead\">Israel<\/h2>\n<p>At the World Economic Forum in Davos, <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/LiamFox\/status\/1088099280714371073\" class=\"story-body__link-external\">Liam Fox announced on Twitter<\/a> that the UK had &#8220;agreed in principle&#8221; a free trade agreement with Israel. A trade conference between the two countries will be held in London in the &#8220;coming months&#8221;, he added.<\/p>\n<p>But it may not be possible to roll over all of the 40 deals by 29 March, according to one government minister.<\/p>\n<p>George Hollingbery, a minister in the International Trade Department, told MPs last month that some of the EU trade agreements would be &#8220;challenging&#8221;, adding that &#8220;one or two&#8221; would be &#8220;close to impossible&#8221; to get in place by the end of March.<\/p>\n<p>Turkey was highlighted by Mr Hollingbery as one country where a deal would be very difficult to achieve, given it is in a customs union with the EU.<\/p>\n<p>The current lack of signed trade agreements is not a surprise to Alan Winters, director of the UK Trade Policy Observatory at University of Sussex.  <\/p>\n<p>&#8220;You can&#8217;t simply roll over everything &#8211; these existing agreements will have references to EU law, so you cannot avoid some negotiation,&#8221; he says.<\/p>\n<p>Some countries may also be apprehensive in signing deals right now, given that it is so unclear what Brexit will ultimately look like, adds Prof Winters.<\/p>\n<p>So what could the consequences be if trade arrangements are not fully in place by 29 March and the UK leaves with no deal?<\/p>\n<p>With the countries where the UK has no formal trade agreement, both would have to trade under the rules overseen by the World Trade Organization (WTO).<\/p>\n<ul class=\"story-body__unordered-list\">\n<li class=\"story-body__list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/uk-45112872\" class=\"story-body__link\">Reality Check: What is the WTO option?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Trade would not stop if this were to happen but some barriers would go up, says Alex Stojanovic, from the Institute for Government think tank.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;There is a reason you have trade agreements, it&#8217;s that they give you better trade preferences than WTO terms.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;So some businesses will be harmed by tariffs coming into play,&#8221; he says. <\/p>\n<figure class=\"media-landscape no-caption body-width\"><span class=\"image-and-copyright-container\"><\/p>\n<p>            <\/span><\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<figure class=\"media-landscape no-caption full-width\"><span class=\"image-and-copyright-container\"><\/p>\n<p>            <\/span><\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/realitycheck\" class=\"story-body__link\">Read more from Reality Check<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/uk-41928747\" class=\"story-body__link\">Send us your questions<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/bbcrealitycheck\" class=\"story-body__link-external\">Follow us on Twitter<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"http:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/uk-47213842\">Source<\/a> by <a href=\"\">[author_name]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image copyright Getty Images Image caption The UK-Swiss agreement signed in Bern on 11 February also applies to neighbouring Liechtenstein As a European Union member, the UK is automatically part of about 40 trade agreements which the EU has with more than 70 countries. If the UK leaves the EU without a deal on 29 &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":7542,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7541","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.styledeals.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7541","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.styledeals.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.styledeals.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.styledeals.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7541"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.styledeals.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7541\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.styledeals.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7542"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.styledeals.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7541"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.styledeals.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7541"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.styledeals.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7541"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}